How do we know God's sovereignty over salvation is true?

The truth of God's sovereignty over salvation is firmly established in Scripture. Romans 9:21 illustrates that God, like a potter with clay, has authority over whom He chooses for mercy and whom He hardens. This is evidenced in God's dealings with both Pharaoh and Saul of Tarsus. Pharaoh was raised up for destruction to demonstrate God's power (Romans 9:17), while Saul was chosen to spread the gospel, showing God's mercy in transforming a violent persecutor into a faithful servant. The story of Saul further echoes God's sovereignty, highlighting that He makes vessels of honor from those once fitted for destruction. This dual narrative of judgment and mercy reinforces the understanding that salvation is ultimately a divine work, rooted in God's unchanging purpose and will.