What does it mean to be born of water and the Spirit?

The phrase 'born of water and the Spirit' in John 3:5 suggests a dual aspect of rebirth: physical birth represented by 'water' and spiritual rebirth through the Holy Spirit. The physical aspect of birth is foundational, as Jesus differentiates between natural life and the supernatural life given through the Spirit. This emphasizes that while physical birth is necessary, it is the spiritual birth that is crucial for entry into the kingdom of God. The working of the Spirit brings about this spiritual renewal, enabling a believer to live in accordance with God's will and experience the fullness of life in Christ. Thus, both aspects are essential for true life in God's kingdom.