How do we know that Jesus was forsaken by God?

The phrase 'My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?' found in Matthew 27:46 is a direct reference to Psalm 22:1. This cry signifies the depth of Christ's suffering as He bore the weight of humanity's sin. The forsaking was not due to His own sin, but rather because He was made sin for us, a central truth in the doctrine of substitutionary atonement. The Father’s temporary withdrawal allowed Christ to fully experience the penalty of sin, which includes separation from God. His suffering was a fulfillment of prophecy and a necessary part of the salvific plan laid out by God before the foundation of the world.