In his sermon titled "Christ & His Wife," Paul Mahan explores the typology of Elkanah in 1 Samuel 1, emphasizing the representations of Christ throughout the text. He argues that Elkanah symbolizes Christ, particularly discussing his love for his wife Hannah, who signifies the true church or bride of Christ against the contrasting character of Peninnah, representing false religion. Mahan draws scriptural connections with references from the New Testament such as Hebrews 7, emphasizing that Christ’s priesthood is superior and eternal, unlike the Levitical priesthood. He highlights the doctrinal significance of God's particular love for His people, which supports the Reformed doctrine of election, underscoring that the relationship between Christ and His church is one of grace, emphasizing predestination and God's sovereign choice.
Key Quotes
“Christ must have the preeminent. This man, Elkanah, now he is the subject of this story, and he represents the man, Christ Jesus.”
“Every bride, every bride of Christ, the wife of Christ, was a gift of the Father to the Son.”
“The love of God and the wrath of God can't abide on the same person.”
“Salvation is of the Lord. It’s not a cooperative effort between us and God. It’s 100% His Word.”
The Old Testament points to Christ as the preeminent figure and the fulfillment of God's promises.
The Old Testament is rich with types and shadows that foreshadow the coming of the Lord Jesus Christ. In 1 Samuel 1, for instance, Elkanah represents Christ, emphasizing His priestly lineage and sacrificial love. The entire narrative of Scripture revolves around Jesus, who is called the first and the last, revealing His divine nature and His role in God's redemptive plan. Major portions of the Old Testament serve as blueprints, detailing how Christ embodies the roles of prophet, priest, and king. For example, Hebrews 7 highlights Christ’s unique priesthood in the order of Melchizedek, contrasting it with the Levitical priesthood that was insufficient for atonement.
1 Samuel 1, Hebrews 7, Revelation 1
Christ’s love for His bride illustrates the unconditional and sacrificial nature of His grace.
The love of Christ for His bride, the Church, is a central theme of biblical theology, showcasing God's sovereign grace and mercy. In the account of Hannah and Elkanah, we see a vivid picture of this love; Elkanah's affection for Hannah serves as a metaphor for Christ's unwavering love for His people. This love is not based on any merit but is a gift of grace that secures the believer’s identity and eternal relationship with Him. Furthermore, Christ’s love compels believers to worship and serve Him with joy and obedience, knowing that they are cherished not for their works but for His love that transformed them. This understanding fosters a deep sense of belonging and assurance among believers, affirming that their salvation is grounded in Christ's perfect love.
1 Samuel 1:5, Ephesians 5:25, John 3:16
God's election is revealed in Scripture and is affirmed through the faith and perseverance of the believers.
The doctrine of election is foundational in historic Reformed theology, rooted in the sovereignty of God. Ephesians 1:4 highlights that believers are chosen in Christ before the foundation of the world. This doctrine is woven throughout Scripture, emphasizing that God’s choice is not based on human actions but solely on His grace and purpose. Additionally, the evidence of election is seen in the lives of believers who respond to God’s call with faith and repentance. They are drawn to Christ, as stated in John 6:37, where it affirms that all whom the Father gives to Christ will come to Him. This divine assurance gives believers confidence in their salvation, knowing it is rooted in God's immutable will rather than their own fluctuating choices.
Ephesians 1:4-5, John 6:37, Romans 8:30
Hannah's story emphasizes the importance of heartfelt prayer and the priority of worship in our relationship with God.
Hannah's devotion to prayer illustrates the profound importance of bringing our burdens and heartaches before God. Her grief over barrenness leads her to cry out to the Lord in earnest prayer, demonstrating that true worship is rooted in dependence on God. The story vividly depicts that the true people of God worship in spirit and seek His face in times of need. As she weeps and calls on God, Hannah models how prayer is an intimate and sincere expression of one’s reliance on God’s mercy and sovereignty. Moreover, her eventual thanksgiving after God answers her prayer shows that worship is not merely about requesting but also about rejoicing in God's faithfulness. This cycle of prayer and praise exemplifies the heart of true worship, which is centered on God’s character and His works in our lives.
1 Samuel 1:10-15, Philippians 3:3, Hebrews 4:16
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