In the sermon "Christ: His Lovers, Friends, & Foes," Paul Mahan explores the theological significance of the covenant relationship exemplified by David and Jonathan as a representation of God's covenant with His people through Christ. He asserts that Jonathan serves as a type of the elect, bound to David (Christ) in love and loyalty after witnessing David’s valor against Goliath, which symbolizes Christ's ultimate victory over sin and death. Mahan uses Scripture from 1 Samuel 18 and highlights verses that illustrate Jonathan’s selflessness and his covenant tribute, echoing the covenant established by the triune God concerning salvation. The practical significance emphasizes that true love for Christ comes from divine initiative rather than human decision, reinforcing the Reformed doctrines of total depravity and unconditional election as Jonathan strips away his royal garments in submission to David, displaying that salvation is solely dependent on God's grace.
Key Quotes
“Jonathan saw his conquest. Jonathan saw what he did, saw his power, saw his strength, saw his glory, heard his voice.”
“When you see Christ, you'll strip yourself of any covering, any facade... You'll come naked before Him.”
“It isn't that every believer, really, when you hear the truth, when you hear Christ, you see His glory, His honor. You become a nothing to nobody.”
“Our Lord said, if any man loved father or mother more than me, he is not my son, especially a parent who doesn't love our Lord.”
The covenant between God and His people is central to salvation and reflects God's unchanging promises.
The Bible emphasizes that the covenant made between God the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit is foundational to Salvation. This covenant shows that before we were born, before we had even done any good or evil, God's elect were already chosen and loved by Him. The sure mercies of David and the eternal promises in Scripture affirm this reality, demonstrating that our relationship with God is not based on our works but on His unchanging purpose and grace.
1 Samuel 18, Isaiah 43, Romans 9:11
God's love for His people is revealed through Christ and His covenant promises.
We know of God's love for us because it is beautifully illustrated in the relationship between Jonathan and David. Just as Jonathan loved David for who he was, we come to understand God's love through Christ's work on our behalf. The gospel reveals that God has selected His people before the foundation of the world, underscoring that it is through the sacrificial love of Jesus that we see God's pure and unconditional love. The elect respond in love because they recognize the mercy shown to them.
John 10:27, 1 Corinthians 16:22, Isaiah 59
The relationship symbolizes the love and unity believers have in Christ.
The relationship between David and Jonathan is a powerful metaphor for the love that Christians should have for Christ and for one another. Jonathan's deep affection for David illustrates how true friendship and love should be rooted in recognizing one's need for a Savior. Just as Jonathan stripped himself of his royal garments to honor David, Christians are called to humble themselves and bring nothing of their own merit to Christ. This story teaches us about selflessness and the kind of love that should transcend all earthly relationships, emphasizing that our true loyalty lies with the Lord.
1 Samuel 18, Philippians 2:3-4
Being elected by God means that He has chosen certain individuals for salvation out of His grace.
Election is a cornerstone of sovereign grace theology, signifying that God, in His divine wisdom and mercy, chose specific individuals to be His people before they were even born. This concept underscores that salvation is not based on human efforts or decisions, but entirely on God's purpose. In the story of Jonathan and David, we see an example of someone chosen to love and be loyal to the anointed king, just as the elect are drawn to Christ. The significance lies in the assurance that those elected by God are irrevocably His, secured by the covenant made in eternity.
Ephesians 1:4-5, Romans 9:11
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