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Eileen Beckett

Summer Bookshelf

Part 2
Eileen Beckett 4 min read
205 Articles
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Eileen Beckett
Eileen Beckett 4 min read
205 articles

Kevin Giles's The Trinity and Subordinationism traces the historical development of Orthodox Trinitarian doctrine through the Nicene Creed, Athanasian Creed, and Reformed confessions, while critiquing the error of eternal subordinationism—the false teaching that the Son is subordinate to the Father beyond his temporal, voluntary subordination in the economy of salvation. Giles demonstrates how proponents of eternal subordinationism misuse Trinitarian theology to justify the permanent subordination of women, contrary to Genesis 1:26-28, which affirms that both men and women are created equally in God's image. Drawing on Philippians 2:5-7, Giles argues that Christ's self-emptying exemplifies voluntary humility for both sexes to emulate, not a model for permanent gender hierarchy, and affirms the Son's co-creatorship and eternal lordship alongside the Father.

What does the Bible say about the Trinity?

The Bible teaches that the Trinity consists of three co-equal persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.

The doctrine of the Trinity is a foundational tenet of Christian faith, reflecting the belief in one God in three persons. Key theologians like Augustine, Calvin, and Barth have affirmed this orthodoxy, which is also articulated in historic creeds such as the Nicene Creed and the Athanasian Creed. Scriptures such as Matthew 28:19 command baptizing in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, affirming the co-equality and eternality of each person within the Godhead, which stands in opposition to any notion of eternal subordination.

Matthew 28:19

How do we know the doctrine of the eternal subordination of the Son is false?

The doctrine of eternal subordination is refuted by Scripture which asserts the co-equal status of the Son with the Father.

The understanding that the Son is eternally subordinated to the Father misinterprets the economic roles seen during Christ's incarnation. This error overlooks teachings from Scripture that affirm the Son's co-creative role and equality with the Father, such as John 1:1-3, where it declares that through the Word (the Son), all things were made. Additionally, Philippians 2:5-11 provides a model for humility that does not imply inferiority but rather illustrates the voluntary submission of Christ during His earthly ministry. Thus, the eternal nature of the Trinity upholds the equal status of the Father and the Son.

John 1:1-3, Philippians 2:5-11

Why is the equality of men and women important for Christians?

The equality of men and women is rooted in their shared creation in the image of God, affirming their inherent dignity and value.

Understanding the equality of men and women is crucial in Christian theology as it reflects God's original design in Genesis 1:26-28, where both man and woman are created in His image. This foundational truth challenges any teaching that suggests one gender holds inferior status over the other. The implications of this equality extend into relationships and church roles, reminding Christians that both men and women embody the imago Dei. Consequently, affirming this equality counters cultural misinterpretations that support subordination due to gender, aligning with the view that the Gospel promotes unity and equity among believers.

Genesis 1:26-28

What is the significance of the Nicene Creed in Trinitarian doctrine?

The Nicene Creed articulates the early church's understanding of the Trinity, affirming the co-equal and co-eternal nature of the Godhead.

The Nicene Creed, established in 325 AD, is a pivotal document in affirming Trinitarian theology. It serves to unify believers by articulating essential beliefs about Christ's divine nature and His relationship to the Father. The Creed emphasizes that the Son is 'begotten, not made, of the same essence as the Father,' thereby reinforcing the doctrine that while the persons of the Trinity perform distinct roles, they are united in essence and purpose. This formulation was particularly significant in countering heresies like Arianism, which denied the full divinity of Christ, thus safeguarding the orthodox understanding of the Trinity throughout church history.

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I finished my book entitled “The Trinity and Subordinationsim” by Kevin Giles, which was really a three fold book written to portray the Doctrine of God and the Contemporary Gender Debate, with a portion on Slavery, all connected in the author’s estimation with the error that the Son is eternally subordinated to the Father. It was a very well studied read and very informative to me. It wasn’t written only for the trained theologian, instead it was so well written and researched that it was understandable to the average reader, i.e., me! 

Part one of the book is ‘The Trinity Tradition’ and I was so pleased to read it. It was full of the historical development of the Orthodox Trinitarian tradition which the author embraces as do I. He discusses the forming of the doctrine of the Trinity quoting Athanasius, Augustine, Calvin, Barth to name a few and the creeds that put into words the doctrine of the Trinity as it was developed. Among those were the Nicene Creed, the Athanasian Creed, the Belgic confession and the Second Helvetic Confession of 1566. So that portion of the book alone is well worth the read, especially if you are like me and haven’t read much on the history of the development of the doctrine of the Trinity.

The author then begins to discuss the error that the Son is subordinate to the Father in any way other than his temporal subordination in what is known as ‘the economy of salvation’. He is addressing in this portion of the book how the teaching of the eternal subordination of the Son in the Trinity is used as a means to teach the permanent subordination of women. I was truly appalled at the ideas of men such as Luther and Calvin and their ideas that women are an inferior created class. The author insists that the beginning place for any discussion on men/women is Genesis 1:26-28 where we learn that men and women are both created in the image of God, not one lesser than the other. 

There is so much information in this book and I know that I will read it again a second time to glean even more. I can’t give you even a complete overview of this book; it would take pages to do that. His ideas on the current Egalitarian/Complementarian debate are very thoughtful as there are so many nuances within that debate, a debate that I just recently became aware of. But he makes an excellent point when he addresses Philippians 2:5-11 and tells us that this Scripture as penned by Paul, was not given as a refutation of the eternal subordination of the Son to the Father but was given to men and women so that both sexes might emulate Christ’s voluntary and costly self-giving and humility:

“Let this mind be in you that was in Christ Jesus,
who though he was in the form of God,
did not regard equality with God 
as something to be exploited,
but emptied himself,
taking the form of a slave.” (Phil 2:5-7) 

His conclusion of the teaching that the Son is eternally subordinated to the Father is this:

“They are guilty of subordinatiosm, understood as the error of reading back into the eternal Trinity the temporal and voluntary subordination of the Son seen in the incarnation. Their concern for upholding the permanent subordination of women, which they believe the Bible teaches, has led them to thinking that the Son is eternally subordinated to the Father, something the Bible definitely does not teach. The Son is the co-Creator for all eternity, and after Easter he is confessed not as the obedient servant of the Father but as the Lord who reigns as “the head over all things”  

Another great read!

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