In his sermon titled "Holy, Sovereign, Just, Mercy," Clay Curtis expounds on Psalm 99, highlighting the attributes of God's holiness and sovereignty within the context of Reformed theology. He argues that the holiness of God necessitates separation from sin and underscores that His sovereign reign encompasses all aspects of creation and providence, firmly grounded in Scripture references such as Ephesians 1:11 and Romans 3:23. Curtis emphasizes that God's mercy is also sovereign, as depicted in the way He meets His people at the mercy seat, Christ, who fulfills both judgment and righteousness on behalf of His elect. The practical significance of this message lies in the encouragement for believers to worship God in humility, acknowledging His right to govern all things justly while resting in the assurance of His mercy bestowed through the sacrificial work of Christ.
Key Quotes
“He is holy in His nature and He's holy in everything He does. He cannot have any dealings with a sinner.”
“He is sovereign in mercy. He dwells. He sits between the cherubim. He is the mercy seat.”
“When we behold Him… this is what will make us tremble. This is what will make us bow down and worship Him.”
“He's just and He justified us personally. That's what you come confessing.”
The Bible declares that God is holy, emphasizing it three times in Psalm 99.
The holiness of God is a central theme in the Bible, particularly underscored in Psalm 99, where it is mentioned three times. The text exhorts us to exalt and worship Jehovah because He is holy. His holiness refers not only to His nature but to all His actions. God's holiness indicates His purity and separation from sin, which means that He cannot have any dealings with sinners except through the mercy provided in Christ. This inherent holiness demands a response of reverence and worship from us.
Psalm 99:1-9
God's sovereignty is clearly stated in the Bible, particularly in passages like Psalm 99 and Ephesians 1.
The doctrine of God's sovereignty is foundational to Reformed theology. Psalm 99 begins with the proclamation, 'The Lord reigneth,' asserting God's ultimate authority over all creation. Ephesians 1:11 reinforces this, stating that God works all things according to the counsel of His own will. This sovereignty implies that nothing happens outside of God’s control; He governs the world with purpose and power, ensuring that His eternal plan unfolds exactly as He intends, providing comfort and assurance to His people.
Psalm 99:1, Ephesians 1:11
God's mercy is vital for Christians as it is through His mercy that we are saved and reconciled to Him.
The significance of God's mercy in the life of a Christian cannot be overemphasized. In Psalm 99, God is described as sitting between the cherubim on the mercy seat, which illustrates His readiness to meet with His people and dispense mercy. The scripture declares that God has mercy on whom He will have mercy, and this sovereignty in mercy means that our salvation is entirely dependent on His grace. It is through Christ, our mercy seat, that we receive forgiveness and are justified before God. This mercy motivates us to worship and exalts us, leading us to humbly rely on Him for continual grace and support.
Psalm 99:1, Exodus 25:22, 1 John 4:10
God's justice means He upholds truth and righteousness, executing judgment equitably among His people.
God's justice is a crucial attribute reflecting His holiness and sovereignty. In Psalm 99, verse 4 highlights that the King's strength loves judgment and establishes equity. This indicates that not only does God rule with sovereign grace, but He also enforces His laws justly. For sinners, this justice is a serious matter because God will not clear the guilty. However, for believers, this justice is fulfilled in Christ, who bore our penalty and reconciles us to God. Thus, His justice ensures that He is both just and the justifier of those who believe in Jesus, providing a solid foundation for our faith that God is righteous in all His dealings.
Psalm 99:4, Romans 3:26
God's sovereignty in mercy ensures that He administers grace justly to His people.
The relationship between God's sovereignty and His mercy is beautifully illustrated in Psalm 99, where God reigns from a throne of mercy. His sovereignty means that He has the power and willingness to dispense mercy according to His own will and purpose. This is particularly significant for believers, as it means that our salvation and ongoing grace are not contingent upon our actions but upon God's sovereign choice. Ephesians 1:5 tells us that He predestined us for adoption as His children, demonstrating the intentionality of His mercy. God’s mercy is pursued with justice; He satisfies the demands of His holy law through Christ, allowing Him to be both merciful and just. Therefore, understanding His sovereignty over mercy encourages us to approach Him with confidence knowing that His mercy is always available to us.
Psalm 99:1, Ephesians 1:5
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