In the sermon titled "For Whom Did Christ Die?" Tom Harding addresses the doctrine of Christ's atonement with a focus on the nature and purpose of Jesus' death as described in Romans 5:5-11. Harding emphasizes that Christ died as a substitutionary sacrifice for the ungodly, reaffirming the Reformed belief in limited atonement – that Jesus' sacrifice was specifically for His elect. He supports his arguments with various Scripture references, including Romans 5:6, 8 and Isaiah 53, highlighting that Christ's death reconciled sinners to God while satisfying divine justice. The practical significance of this doctrine lies in the assurance it brings to sinners who recognize their need for redemption, reinforcing the message that Christ’s atoning work is sufficient for those who acknowledge their sinfulness and claim Christ as their only hope.
Key Quotes
“This is the sum and substance of our gospel. This is the very core and heart of the gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ.”
“He died as a substitute, not as a martyr, not as an example, but a substitute, as a sacrifice to put away the sin of God's people.”
“If we can identify and know ourselves to be ungodly... then my friend, we can have confidence before God that the Lord Jesus Christ stood as our substitute.”
“Christ died for the ungodly. This is the only hope a sinner has before a holy God.”
The Bible teaches that Christ died for the ungodly, specifically for those who are sinful and in need of a Savior.
In Romans 5:6, it is clearly stated that 'Christ died for the ungodly.' This emphasizes the love of God toward sinners, illustrating that while we were yet sinners, Christ sacrificially took upon Himself the sins of His people. Charles Spurgeon noted the significance of this message, asserting that it is one of the core proclamations of the gospel. The essence of this phrase encapsulates the heart of the gospel: that Jesus, the Son of God, willingly died in the place of those who are unworthy, offering them redemption and reconciliation with God.
Romans 5:6, Romans 5:8
Christ died specifically for the elect, as He took the place of sinners, not for righteous or deserving individuals.
Historical and biblical theology teaches that Christ's death is particular in nature; He did not die for the angels or for those who consider themselves righteous. Instead, Jesus came to save sinners, identifying with the ungodly. As Romans 5:8 states, 'God commendeth His love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.' This points to the specific work Christ did on behalf of the elect—those chosen by God for salvation. The gospel is not a blanket offer to all indiscriminately but a promise of salvation to those who recognize their lost condition and trust in Christ as their substitute.
Romans 5:8
Understanding Christ's substitutionary death is crucial as it assures believers of their salvation and God's mercy.
The concept of Christ's substitutionary death is foundational to the doctrine of atonement in Reformed theology. It asserts that Jesus died not merely as an example or martyr but took on the penalty for the sins of the elect, enabling believers to stand justified before God. This principle reassures Christians that their acceptance before God is not based on human merit but solely on Christ's finished work. When we grasp that 'He was delivered for our offenses' (Romans 4:25), it transforms our understanding of sin, grace, and salvation. This gives believers confidence and hope, knowing their sins are fully atoned for by Christ's sacrifice.
Romans 4:25, Isaiah 53:5
Christ died in the fullness of time, appointed by God, to redeem those under the law.
According to Galatians 4:4, 'When the fullness of time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law.' This emphasizes that Christ's death was not an accident or a mere reaction to earthly events, but a planned and predestined act by God to achieve the redemption of His people. Romans 5:6 also highlights that He died when we were without strength, illustrating the depth of our need and the perfect timing of God's redemptive plan. Christ's death occurs within the framework of God's sovereign will, affirming that it was a deliberate act to secure salvation for His elect.
Galatians 4:4, Romans 5:6
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