In the sermon "What Happened in the Garden," Marvin Stalnaker addresses the doctrine of original sin and humanity's total depravity resulting from Adam's disobedience in the Garden of Eden. He argues that humanity was created upright in God's image but fell into sin through one act of disobedience, leading to the imputation of sin and guilt to all mankind, as illustrated in Romans 3:23 and Romans 5:12. Stalnaker emphasizes that this fall not only establishes the total inability of mankind to achieve righteousness on their own but also highlights the need for a Savior, noting that "there is a God in heaven that saves sinners." The practical significance lies in the assurance that while humanity is utterly helpless without God, His sovereign grace offers hope and salvation to the sinful.
Key Quotes
“For all have sinned and come short of the glory of God. That word all is inclusive. That means me, you, everybody.”
“By one act of disobedience, sin entered into the world and death by sin. So death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned.”
“Man fell from his position of innocency. Now he's a fallen, helpless creature. Dead in trespasses and sins.”
“Without me, you can do nothing. In ourselves, we're hopeless.”
The Bible teaches that God created man in His own image, making him upright and giving him dominion over creation (Genesis 1:26-28).
According to Scripture, particularly in Genesis 1:26-28, God created man in His own image and likeness. This means that humanity was designed to reflect God's character in their rationality and ability to commune with Him. Genesis reveals that man was created upright, which signifies a state of moral correctness and righteousness. As such, Adam was not only a being with physical form but also a rational and spiritual creature endowed with the privilege to have dominion over the earth. This unique position in creation reflects the dignity that God bestowed upon humanity, establishing a close relationship between God and man.
Genesis 1:26-28, Ecclesiastes 7:29
Total depravity is evidenced by the Scripture stating that all have sinned and come short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23).
The doctrine of total depravity asserts that sin has affected every part of humanity in such a way that no one is able to do good on their own. Romans 3:23 articulates that 'all have sinned and come short of the glory of God,' indicating that every human being, because of Adam's disobedience, is born into sin and is morally incapable of achieving righteousness through their own efforts. This means that even our best actions are tainted by sin, rendering us incapable of meriting God's favor on our own. Scriptures like Romans 5:12 further explain how sin entered the world through one man's action, impacting all of mankind with a nature inclined towards sin.
Romans 3:23, Romans 5:12
Understanding the fall explains the origins of sin and humanity's need for salvation through Christ.
The fall in the Garden of Eden, where Adam and Eve disobeyed God, serves as a pivotal event in biblical theology. It marks the introduction of sin into the world and reveals humanity's inherent need for redemption. As described in Romans 5:12, sin entered through one man's disobedience, leading to the curse that affects every generation. This knowledge underscores the significance of the gospel, as it highlights our desperate state of total depravity and the necessity of a Savior. By recognizing the effects of the fall, Christians can better appreciate the grace offered through Jesus Christ, who came to redeem fallen humanity and restore the broken relationship with God.
Genesis 2:15-17, Romans 5:12
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