Walter Pendleton's sermon titled "What Occurred In Eden?" primarily addresses the doctrine of original sin and its profound implications for humanity. Pendleton argues that in the Garden of Eden, not only did Adam commit an act of rebellion by disobeying God's command, but he also fell into a state of spiritual death that affected all of humanity. He supports this claim through various Scripture references, notably Genesis 2:17 and Romans 5:12-19, which illustrate the concept of unity between Adam and his descendants in terms of sin and death. The sermon highlights the practical significance of understanding original sin as a condition and its consequences for all humans, emphasizing the necessity of recognizing our need for grace, reflected in God's promise of redemption through the Messiah. This understanding underscores the Reformed tenet of total depravity and the need for divine intervention for salvation.
Key Quotes
“Sin is a condition. Sin is a state of being. The act of sin, that is, Adam's act of sin was the outflow of a rebellious condition.”
“In the day that thou eatest thereof, thou shalt surely die. This is the word of God. This was the warning of God.”
“In a manner of speaking, we were all in the loins of our father Adam. He represented us. He was our federal head. And when he sinned, we sinned.”
“Before Adam ever sought God, God sought him.”
The Fall of man in Eden led to spiritual death and condemnation for the entire human race as Adam's sin impacted all humanity.
The Bible describes the Fall of man in Genesis 3, which marks a pivotal moment in human history. When Adam disobeyed God by eating from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, he brought spiritual death upon himself and, as a result, upon all humanity. Romans 5:12 states that 'as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men.' This passage highlights that Adam's singular act of rebellion had universal consequences, condemning all of humanity to a state of spiritual death and separation from God.
Genesis 3, Romans 5:12
The Apostle Paul explains in Romans 5 that Adam's sin was imputed to all, making everyone a sinner.
In Romans 5:19, the Apostle Paul clarifies that 'by one man's disobedience many were made sinners.' This verse illustrates the concept of federal headship, where Adam acted as the representative for all humanity. When he sinned, his guilt and the resulting spiritual death were imputed to all of us. This theological understanding emphasizes that, because of Adam's fall, every person born thereafter is born into this state of sin and spiritual death, needing redemption through Jesus Christ.
Romans 5:19
Understanding spiritual death is key to grasping humanity's need for salvation through Jesus Christ.
The concept of spiritual death is paramount in Christian theology because it describes the condition of all people apart from Christ. In Genesis 2:17, God warned Adam that eating from the forbidden tree would result in death, which signifies a separation from divine fellowship. When Adam sinned, he not only faced physical death eventually but also spiritual separation from God. This foundational understanding of humanity's fallen state reinforces the necessity of salvation and makes the message of the gospel—Jesus Christ's atoning work on the cross—essential for reconciling us to God. Without acknowledging spiritual death, the need for a Savior diminishes.
Genesis 2:17, Romans 5:12
After the Fall, God sought Adam, declared the remedy for sin, and promised a Savior.
Following the Fall, while Adam and Eve tried to cover their shame, God graciously sought them out, illustrating His mercy. In Genesis 3:9, God asks Adam, 'Where art thou?' demonstrating His initiative to restore relationship even after their rebellion. Furthermore, God reveals the first promise of redemption by stating that the seed of the woman would crush the serpent's head (Genesis 3:15). This foreshadows Christ's victory over sin and death, providing hope of salvation for all who would believe, which is paramount in the teaching of sovereign grace.
Genesis 3:9, Genesis 3:15
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