In the sermon titled "Who Dares Reply Against God," Walter Pendleton focuses on the theological topic of divine sovereignty as it relates to God's will and humanity's response, drawing primarily from Romans 9. Pendleton argues against the notion of human free will that contradicts God's sovereignty, insisting that no one can ultimately resist God's will (Rom. 9:19). He highlights key concepts such as God as the potter who molds vessels for honor and dishonor (Rom. 9:21) and elaborates on God's right to show mercy and wrath as He chooses, underscoring the need for humility in acknowledging human sinfulness (Eph. 2:1-3). The sermon's practical significance lies in its call for believers to recognize their standing before God and to embrace the doctrine of grace, which teaches that salvation is not based on human merit but God's sovereign election. Pendleton emphasizes that all humanity is in a state of sin and that any salvation is a result of God's unmerited mercy.
Key Quotes
“Who art thou that replies against God? Shall the thing formed say to him that formed it, why hast thou made me thus?”
“Our old man has not improved one single bit. We are the ones blessed to know better than to reply against God. But we do.”
“God's wrath is not what God holds back and is trying to hold back... He is willing to show his wrath and to make his power known.”
“Aren't you glad for sovereign free mercy in Christ? ... It ain't about black or white. It ain't about male or female. It's all about God.”
The Bible affirms God's sovereignty over all creation, highlighting that He is the potter who has power over the clay.
Scripture is clear on God's sovereignty, as found in Romans 9, where Paul poses the question, 'Who art thou that replies against God?' This points to the fact that God is the potter and we are the clay, emphasizing His absolute authority over creation. God's sovereignty encompasses His ability to show mercy and to execute judgment, demonstrating that His will cannot be resisted. Thus, the sovereignty of God is not merely a theological concept, but foundational to understanding our relationship with Him and His plan for redemption.
Romans 9:19-21, Ephesians 1:11
The doctrine of election is rooted in scripture, specifically emphasizing that God chose individuals for salvation before the foundation of the world.
Election is a crucial aspect of sovereign grace theology, as illustrated in Ephesians 1:4-5, where Paul explains that God chose us in Christ before the foundation of the world. This election is not based on foreseen faith or good works but is solely due to God's mercy and will. The Apostle Paul also reflects this in Romans 9, making it clear that God's selection of vessels of mercy is rooted in His unconditional love and purpose, demonstrating that salvation is entirely a work of God.
Ephesians 1:4-5, Romans 9:11
God's mercy is essential for Christians as it signifies His unmerited favor and grace toward sinful humanity.
The significance of God’s mercy cannot be understated; it is through His mercy that believers find hope and salvation. Romans 9:23 discusses how God is pleased to make known the riches of His glory on the vessels of mercy. This mercy is given not because of any merit on our part but because of God's sovereign will and eternal purpose. Understanding God's mercy helps Christians recognize their position as undeserving sinners who have been chosen by God, leading to a deeper gratitude and commitment to Him. This mercy transcends racial and social boundaries, emphasizing that inclusiveness is found in Christ alone, reinforcing our unity as believers.
Romans 9:23, Ephesians 2:4-5
Being 'of the same lump' signifies that all humanity shares a common sinful nature inherited from Adam.
The phrase 'of the same lump' describes the unity of mankind in sin, as expressed in Romans 9:21. Here, Paul asserts that just as clay comes from the same lump, all humans, by nature, share a fallen condition as descendants of Adam. This theological insight underscores the necessity of divine grace for salvation, as no one is inherently righteous. Understanding that we are all part of this 'same lump' drives home our need for Christ and His redeeming work, presenting a humbling reality that is foundational to the gospel message. It reflects our equality in sin and the wonderful truth that God's mercy extends to all who believe.
Romans 9:21, Ephesians 2:3
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