How does the new birth come about according to the Bible?

The Bible clearly states that the new birth is not initiated by human decision or effort (John 1:12-13). It is a sovereign work of God, where people are born not of blood or the will of man, but of God. This underscores the principle that salvation is rooted in God's grace and His sovereign choice. Just as physical birth is outside of individual control, so too is spiritual rebirth. It is through the Holy Spirit that individuals are awakened to spiritual truths and granted faith, enabling them to respond to the gospel.