What does the Bible say about chastening and teaching?

Psalm 94:12 highlights that the Lord’s chastening comes before His teaching, suggesting a divine purpose. God uses the rod of correction to bring His children back from their waywardness, as exemplified by the prodigal son, who only remembered his father’s house after facing the consequences of his actions. In this way, chastening serves to open our ears, making us more receptive to the lessons God wishes to impart through His law and the Gospel.

The 'law' referred to in the Psalm is not limited to the Mosaic law but encompasses all of God’s instruction, including the gospel of Jesus Christ. This law, or Torah, means teaching or direction and embodies both a treasure-house of wrath and mercy. God teaches His children 'out of' both the law and the Gospel, demonstrating grace and truth in the lessons we learn through life’s trials.