Who benefits from Christ's propitiation?

The beneficial aspect of Christ's propitiation is limited to the elect, those chosen by God before the foundation of the world. This understanding is underscored in passages such as 1 John 2:2, where it states that Christ is the propitiation 'for our sins, and not for ours only, but also for the sins of the whole world.' Here, 'the whole world' refers to God's chosen people from every tribe and nation, not every individual without exception. The assurance that there will not be one person in hell for whom Christ died underscores the particular and effective nature of His atoning work, highlighting the grace of God towards His elect.