Why does the new covenant exceed the old covenant in glory?

The new covenant, as articulated by Paul in 2 Corinthians 3, exceeds the old covenant in glory primarily because it centers on the transformative work of the Holy Spirit and the perfect righteousness of Christ. While the old covenant law served to reveal sin and inability to attain righteousness, the new covenant brings life and establishes righteousness through faith in Christ. The glory of the old covenant, although significant, fades in comparison to the greater glory found in Christ and through the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, which empowers believers to live according to God's will and experience true fellowship with Him. This surpassing glory promises eternal life and a permanent relationship with God, highlighting the grace that defines the new covenant.