In John Chapman's sermon titled "We Have A Mercy Seat," the main theological focus is the superior role of Christ in the new covenant, particularly in juxtaposition to the obsolete practices of the old covenant described in Hebrews 9:1-14. Chapman argues that the sacrificial system and the priestly duties established under the old covenant were merely shadows of what Christ has accomplished through His ultimate sacrifice. He references Scripture extensively, highlighting key verses such as Hebrews 9:14, which emphasizes the cleansing power of Christ's blood, and points out that the old system — including the tabernacle, sacrifices of animals, and ceremonial laws — is rendered obsolete with the coming of Christ. The practical significance of these truths underscores that believers are now empowered to serve God through Christ, who is presented as the singular mediator and mercy seat, affirming Reformed doctrines of justification by faith alone and the sufficiency of Christ's atoning work for salvation.
Key Quotes
“Calvary was not an offering to us, it was an offering to God.”
“All those ceremonies...none of it had any power to save, none of it.”
“We have Christ in this world. As we travel through this world, we have Christ. He's our ark.”
“That mercy seat...means perpetuation. That's where it derives its name from. Thank God there's a mercy seat.”
The mercy seat is where God met with men, embodying His mercy and the divine presence.
In Scripture, the mercy seat is described as a solid slab of pure gold that covers the ark of the covenant, signifying the place where God meets with humanity in mercy. It is overshadowed by the cherubim, representing the divine presence and glory of God. Here, God displays His love and mercy, allowing sinners to approach Him without fear of judgment. This mercy seat prefigures the ultimate mercy demonstrated in Christ, our High Priest, who has opened the way for believers to access God directly through His sacrificial atonement.
Hebrews 9:14, Exodus 25:17-22
Christ's atonement is sufficient because His blood purges the conscience, unlike the sacrifices of the Old Covenant.
The sufficiency of Christ's atonement is grounded in the assertion that His sacrifice purges our consciences from dead works, unlike the continuous offerings made under the Old Covenant. Hebrews 9:14 emphasizes that Christ offered Himself without spot to God, achieving a perfect redemption that the blood of bulls and goats could never accomplish. His once-for-all sacrifice fulfills the requirements set forth by the Old Testament sacrifices, providing a complete cleansing of sin for all who believe, thus establishing the new covenant.
Hebrews 9:14, Hebrews 10:10
Christ is the superior High Priest because He is sinless and enters the true holy place, offering His own blood.
Christ's role as the superior High Priest is affirmed as He does not have to offer sacrifices for His own sins, as earthly priests did. Instead, He is without sin and enters the true holy place in heaven, offering His own blood as the perfect atonement for sin. This act fulfills the shadows and types of the Old Testament priesthood and sacrifices, representing a greater and more perfect way to approach God. His priesthood brings us into relationship with the Father, something that was restricted under the old covenant and mediated through human priests.
Hebrews 9:11-12, Hebrews 4:14-16
Christ as our Sabbath signifies that He is our rest from works and the fulfillment of the law.
Referring to Christ as our Sabbath emphasizes that believers find their ultimate rest in Him rather than in the observance of the law or specific days. In Hebrews, the concept underscores that Christ, through His sacrifice, frees us from the bondage of trying to earn God's favor through works. Instead, we rest in the completed work of Christ, acknowledging that our acceptance before God is based solely on His righteousness, not our own. This rest reflects the spiritual peace and assurance found in the grace of God, which fulfills the true intent of Sabbath observance.
Hebrews 4:9-10, Colossians 2:16-17
Understanding the order of worship is important because it reflects the holiness of God and our approach to Him through Christ.
The order of worship highlights the reverence due to God and the intentionality with which we approach Him. Hebrews delineates the specific instructions concerning worship that were established by God, emphasizing that He is a God of order. In approaching God through Christ, believers recognize the significance of worshiping in spirit and truth, acknowledging the necessity of a mediator, our High Priest, who stands before the Father on our behalf. This understanding transforms how we gather, pray, and glorify God, ensuring that our worship is consistent with Scripture and reflective of His holiness.
Hebrews 9:1, John 4:24
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