In his sermon titled "Great Advantage Squandered," Walter Pendleton addresses the theological topic of the privileges and responsibilities associated with being part of God's covenant community, as outlined in Romans 9. Pendleton argues that while the Israelites were given significant advantages such as adoption, the glory of God, the covenants, and the oracles of God, many squandered these blessings due to neglect, distortion, pride, and presumption. He highlights key Scripture passages, particularly from Romans 9 and 3, to illustrate that not all Israelites are true Israel, as true inclusion in God's covenant pertains to faith in Christ. The practical significance lies in the warning against complacency in spiritual privileges, emphasizing that true belonging to God is defined not by ethnicity or tradition but by faith in Jesus Christ, underscoring a pivotal Reformed doctrine of election and the necessity of grace.
Key Quotes
“They are not all Israel, which are of Israel.”
“Yet Israel squandered these great advantages... by neglect, distortion, pride, presumption...”
“Not a promise has fallen to the ground. Not a promise has fallen to the ground.”
“Even men's utter failure, God Almighty designed for his elect's good.”
The Bible highlights several advantages of being an Israelite, including adoption, glory, covenants, and the oracles of God.
The Bible, particularly in Romans 9, discusses the great advantages that the Israelites had, which included the adoption by God, the glory that accompanied them, and the covenants that were established with their forefathers. These advantages were significant in that they pertained to the very promises of God and the coming of the Messiah. Paul emphasizes that while all were natural Israelites, not all possessed the spiritual identity of 'Israel,' meaning they were not all elect. The giving of the Law served to expose sin and highlight the need for mercy, making their advantages crucial for understanding God's redemptive plan.
Romans 9:1-5, Exodus 4:22, Romans 3:1-2
The promises of God have not failed because Paul's teaching reveals that God's word remains effective, especially concerning His chosen people.
The assurance that God's promises have not failed is rooted in the assertion found in Romans 9, where Paul declares that 'the word of God hath not taken none effect.' He explains that not all who are physically descended from Israel are true Israelites in a spiritual sense. God's election of grace amidst the nation of Israel remains intact, meaning His promises are fulfilled in those He has chosen. The truth is that God's faithfulness does not hinge on human belief or unbelief; instead, it is perfect and sovereignly accomplished according to His divine will.
Romans 9:6, Romans 3:3-4
Understanding the covenant is crucial for Christians as it reveals God's plan of redemption through Christ and the continuity of His promises.
Covenants in the Bible—such as the Abrahamic and Davidic covenants—serve as foundational elements in understanding God’s relationship with His people and His plan for redemption. For Christians, recognizing that these covenants point to messianic fulfillment in Christ helps to see how God has orchestrated history to bring about salvation. The new covenant established through Christ's blood brings the promises of God to fruition for both Jews and Gentiles, uniting them into one body. This understanding not only deepens our appreciation for God's grace but also reinforces our identity in Christ as recipients of His promises.
Genesis 12:1-3, 2 Samuel 7:12-16, Hebrews 8:6-13
The phrase means that true Israel consists of those who are spiritually elect, not merely those who are physically descended from Abraham.
The statement 'not all Israel is Israel' highlights a distinction made by Paul in Romans 9, indicating that being a descendant of Abraham does not, in itself, confer spiritual identity or status before God. True Israel consists of those whom God has chosen for salvation, known as the elect. This understanding is essential as it reflects the broader theological truth that God's grace is sovereign and not dependent on human lineage or works. This underscores the doctrine of election and the reality that salvation comes through faith in Christ alone, fulfilling God’s promises to His chosen people regardless of their ethnic background.
Romans 9:6-7, Galatians 3:29, Ephesians 1:4-5
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