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Tom Harding

In Adam Death, In Christ Life

1 Corinthians 15:21-23
Tom Harding December, 1 2024 Audio
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I Cor. 15:21-23
For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead.
22 For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive.
23 But every man in his own order: Christ the firstfruits; afterward they that are Christ's at his coming.

The sermon "In Adam Death, In Christ Life" by Tom Harding focuses on the doctrines of original sin and substitutionary atonement within the framework of Reformed theology. Harding positions Adam as the representative man whose sin caused the fall of humanity, as shown in Romans 5. In contrast, Christ, the second Adam, provides salvation to those He represents, embodying the remedy for sin through His perfect obedience and atoning sacrifice, supported by 1 Corinthians 15:21-23. He elaborates that through Christ's righteousness, believers are justified and reconciled to God, as opposed to their inherent sinful condition in Adam. The significance of this sermon lies in its affirmation of the exclusivity of salvation in Christ, underscoring the necessity of Christ’s work for justification and eternal life.

Key Quotes

“In Adam, when he sinned, we sinned. When he fell, all humanity fell in him.”

“There is just one remedy for sin. And that one remedy is one Redeemer, the Lord Jesus Christ.”

“The Lord did not die to make salvation a possibility and the Lord Jesus Christ died accomplishing salvation for those for whom he represents.”

“In Adam all died, even so in Christ shall all for whom he represents be made alive.”

What does the Bible say about Adam's sin?

The Bible teaches that through Adam's sin, all humanity fell and is guilty before God.

The Bible clearly articulates that through Adam's disobedience, sin entered the world, resulting in death spreading to all men because all sinned in him (Romans 5:12). The doctrine of representation is significant here; when Adam fell, he represented all humanity, and thus all are born into sinfulness and stand guilty before God (Romans 5:19). This underscores the total depravity of humanity, as all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23). Therefore, Adam's sin has profound implications on the nature of mankind and its relationship with God.

Romans 5:12, Romans 5:19, Romans 3:23

How do we know Christ's atonement is sufficient for salvation?

Christ's atonement is sufficient because it fulfills God's requirements for justice and provides complete salvation for His people.

The sufficiency of Christ's atonement is demonstrated through His perfect obedience and sacrificial death, which is the only remedy for sin. Scripture teaches that He bore the sins of His people, satisfying God's wrath and securing redemption through His sacrifice (1 John 4:10). The Lord Jesus declared from the cross, 'It is finished,' signifying that His work of atonement was complete and effective for those He represented (John 10:15). Those for whom Christ died are justified freely by God's grace and granted eternal life, which points to the completeness and sufficiency of His redemptive work.

1 John 4:10, John 10:15

Why is the doctrine of justification important for Christians?

Justification is vital as it declares believers righteous in Christ, providing peace with God and assurance of salvation.

Justification is a critical doctrine for Christians because it represents the legal declaration by God that a sinner is righteous on account of faith in Christ alone (Romans 5:1). This not only allows believers to be reconciled with God but also assures them of their salvation, freeing them from the condemnation that comes from sin (Romans 8:1). It emphasizes that this righteousness is imputed, not earned, highlighting the grace of God in saving sinners. Understanding justification empowers Christians to rest in Christ's finished work and live in the assurance of God’s favor.

Romans 5:1, Romans 8:1

What is the relationship between Adam and Christ?

Adam and Christ are seen as representatives of two different outcomes for humanity—death through Adam and life through Christ.

The relationship between Adam and Christ is encapsulated in the theological concept of federal headship. Adam, as the first man, brought sin and death into the world through his disobedience, affecting all humanity (Romans 5:12). Conversely, Christ, referred to as the second Adam, represents life and righteousness through His obedience and sacrificial atonement (1 Corinthians 15:22). Just as all humanity fell in Adam, all who belong to Christ are made alive and justified through Him. This connection emphasizes the gravity of sin and the glorious provision of salvation available in Jesus Christ, underscoring the overarching narrative of redemption throughout Scripture.

Romans 5:12, 1 Corinthians 15:22

How does grace operate in salvation according to the Bible?

Grace in salvation is the unmerited favor of God that enables sinners to be justified and made alive in Christ.

Grace operates in salvation as the foundation through which God's favor is bestowed upon unworthy sinners (Ephesians 2:8-9). It is not based on human effort or merit but is a gift from God, illustrating His love and justice. In Scripture, it is revealed that our justification comes through faith in Christ, who met the requirements of God’s law perfectly (Titus 3:5). Moreover, grace transforms the believer, resulting in regeneration and the work of the Holy Spirit in their lives, leading to a new nature and the ability to walk in obedience to God’s commands. Thus, grace is central to the entire process of salvation, from election to glorification.

Ephesians 2:8-9, Titus 3:5

Sermon Transcript

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This morning for our Bible study
I would ask you to turn in your Bible to first Corinthians chapter
fifteen first Corinthians chapter fifteen and let's read beginning
at verse twenty one for since by man came death since by man
came death by man came also that is through the God man the Lord
Jesus Christ since by man that's referring to Adam came death
by man that is the second Adam came also the resurrection of
the dead now this is first Corinthians chapter 15 verse 22 for as an
Adam all die spiritual and physical death even so in Christ shall
all be made alive there we see that the doctrine of representation
is taught in the scriptures. In Adam, Adam stood as a representative
man. In Adam, when he sinned, we sinned. When he fell, all humanity fell
in him. Even so, in this last Adam, or
the second Adam, that is the Lord Jesus Christ, all those
for whom he represents, shall be made alive or have spiritual
life and salvation in the Lord Jesus Christ. I want to bring
you a message today on the gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ and
how God saves sinners and justifies the ungodly through the Lord
Jesus Christ alone. Salvation as it is taught in
the scriptures is conditioned upon the Lord Jesus Christ. It
is declared to be in him, salvation in Christ. He said, I'm the way,
the truth, and the life. And salvation is conditioned
upon his performance, his obedience, his sacrifice unto death. We
read in Colossians chapter 2, in Christ dwells all the fullness
of the Godhead bodily, and believers stand complete only in Christ. In Adam, we stand incomplete,
sinful, ruined. In the Lord Jesus Christ, by
God's grace and salvation completed and determined and accomplished
by Him, the believer stands complete. Now, three things I want to bring
to your attention this morning. The first of all is ruin, sin
and depravity in and through Adam, Adam's fall. Adam's sin
we read in Romans chapter 5 wherefore as by one man sin entered into
the world and death by sin so death passed upon all men for
that all sinned that is in whom all sinned in Adam by one man's
disobedience many were made sinners Romans 5 19 As I said earlier, Adam stood
as a representative man for all mankind. When he sinned, all
sinned in him. His guilt, his defilement of
his fallen nature has been imputed and implanted to all men. All
men, because of Adam's sin, stand guilty as charged before God. Now what are the results of Adam's
sin imputed and imparted to us. What are the results of that?
What are the implications of it? Well, the scriptures teach
that all have sinned and come short of the glory of God. The
implications of sin imputed and guilt imputed and implanted to
all men is that we have a sinful nature, born in sin, shaping
in iniquity. All men love darkness rather
than light. Our Lord said in John 3, this
is condemnation, that light has come into the world, but men
love darkness rather than the light. All of our deeds, our
best efforts, that we might think recommend us unto God, our moral
living, our righteous doing, all of our righteousnesses, the
Scriptures declare, are filthy rags. We read in Romans chapter
3 that there is none righteous, no not one. There is none that
understandeth. There is none that seeketh after
God. We're all gone out of the way. We're all together become
unprofitable. There is none that doeth good,
no not one. By our deeds and by our best
moral efforts, we cannot justify ourselves before God. God is
too holy. And we are too sinful. All men
stand guilty before God. We are most sinful and all we
can produce. Sin is what we are. Sin is what
we do. That is our problem. Sin. And
we know that we cannot put away sin by our deeds. By the deeds of the law shall
no flesh be justified. Well that leads us to our second
point. What is a remedy? What is a remedy for sin? We
certainly have a sin problem. We must confess that through
and through that we are guilty before God. We have a sinful
nature, unable to put away our sin, unable to establish righteousness
before God. What is a remedy for my sin problem
and sin's condemnation? Well, my friend, there is just
one remedy. There is just one remedy for
sin. And that one remedy is one Redeemer,
the Lord Jesus Christ. There is just one gospel, the
gospel of God's grace in Christ, concerning the Lord Jesus Christ.
There is just one salvation, because there's one Savior. Salvation
is in Christ. There is just one faith, the
faith that's a gift of God, given to God's elect, Faith which is
obtained by the righteousness of Christ. There's one faith
that looks to the Lord Jesus Christ alone. One church. The church of the firstborn.
Those called and quickened by God's grace and made one with
Christ. There's just one way. Not many.
Not many. Just one way of salvation. One
way of truth. And that way is Christ. Our Lord
said, I am the way, the truth, and the life. Now this one remedy
involves, one remedy for sin involves one redeemer. Who is
this redeemer? This redeemer is the God-man,
God manifest in the flesh. He is called in scripture, God
our Savior. Without controversy, 1 Timothy
3, 16, without controversy, great is the mystery of godliness,
God was manifest in the flesh. The word was made flesh. and
dwelt among us. This is who our Redeemer is. It's who he is that gives power
and weight and accomplishment to what the Lord Jesus Christ
did on our behalf as a representative man. All those for whom he stands
as surety, mediator, and advocate, they shall be justified by the
deeds of Christ. Two key accomplishments Our Lord
Jesus Christ accomplished, performed, as God incarnate, God our mediator,
God our Savior, two key accomplishments our Lord performed for his covenant
people. We've read in Romans 5, 19, for
by one man's disobedience, many were made sinners. So by the
obedience of another, the Lord Jesus Christ shall many be made
righteous. Those for whom he represents
their surety and their righteousness shall be declared righteous by
imputation of righteousness given to them on the basis of Christ
obedience you see I must have not only sin removed but I must
have righteousness established we have already discussed it
I cannot produce the righteousness I But the Lord Jesus Christ,
his obedience as the God-man mediator, as a representative
man, he lived a life honoring to God, honoring the law of God
in every precept and every penalty, thereby establishing a justifying
righteousness for his covenant people that's freely imputed
to them without any contribution on their behalf. Paul, when he
wrote To the Romans, put it this way, quoting from Psalm 32, blessed
is a man to whom God would impute righteousness without works. So in Christ, because of his
obedience, we have righteousness established, freely given. imputed to all of his covenant
people. Not only do we have righteousness
established by his life, but we have redemption and remission
and pardon from sin by his sacrificial atonement, his atonement for
sin. Here in his love, we read in
1st John 4 10, not that we love God, but that he loved us and
And he sent his son to be the propitiation, the sacrifice,
the atonement for sin. He gave his life for his covenant
people. He laid down his life for the
sheep. He shed his blood to put away their sin by the sacrifice
of himself. He obtained, as our high priest,
those for whom he represents, as high priest mediator, he obtained
for them Eternal redemption we read in 2nd Corinthians 5 21
about our substitute who satisfied God Putting away their sin God
made him to be sin for us God made him sin for us who knew
no sin that we might be made the righteousness of God in him
the Lord Jesus Christ declared from Calvary that salvation is
not attempted it's accomplished the Lord did not die to make
salvation a possibility and the Lord Jesus Christ died accomplishing
salvation for those for whom he represents. He said it is
finished. He said I lay down my life for
the sheep. Those for whom Christ died are justified. So the remedy for sin is what? Righteousness, an everlasting
righteousness established by the obedience of Christ and redemption,
remission from sin by his substitutionary sacrifice for his covenant people. Being justified freely by his
grace, we have redemption through his blood. Now, lastly, in closing,
what are the results of Christ's high priestly work? Well, we
have reconciliation with God. Sin brought separation to Lord
Jesus Christ by his satisfaction unto God reconciles us unto God. In Adam all died, even so in
Christ shall all for whom he represents be made alive. As sin demands death, so his
righteousness established and imputed demands Acceptance with
God demands eternal life So we have Reconciliation through Christ
not only that but we have what we need by the deeds and the
merit of Christ Regeneration faith and repentance. These are
given upon the basis of Christ accomplishing salvation for us
and Through the gospel, God who hath begun a good work in you
will perform it. Both true faith and genuine repentance
that's God-given, sovereignly given, acknowledge the truth
of salvation all in Christ. It's God who loved us and washed
us from our sin in his own blood. Not only that, what are the results
of his work? Reconciliation, regeneration,
and revelation to you who believe Christ is altogether lovely.
We believe the gospel because of God's revelation. He said
he's hid these things from the wise and prudent and has revealed
them unto babes. God who commanded the light to
shine out of darkness has shined in our hearts to give us a light
of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. Well, I hope this message will
help you to understand, further understand the gospel of the
Lord Jesus Christ. And Adam all died, even so in
Christ, in that representative man, for all whom he died shall
be made alive.
Tom Harding
About Tom Harding
Tom Harding is pastor of Zebulon Grace Church located at 6088 Zebulon Highway, Pikeville, Kentucky 41501. You may also contact him by telephone at (606) 631-9053, or e-mail taharding@mikrotec.com. The website address is www.henrytmahan.com.

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