What does the transition from the Old Covenant to the New Covenant mean?

The transition from the Old Covenant, represented by Moses, to the New Covenant in Christ is pivotal in understanding salvation. The Old Covenant was conditional, demanding perfection in law-keeping, which no one could fulfill. It was a covenant of works, showcasing our inability to attain righteousness by our efforts (Romans 3:20). In contrast, the New Covenant, established through Christ’s death and resurrection, is one of grace, where all conditions are met in Him. As illustrated in Matthew 17 when Moses and Elijah depart, only Christ remains, indicating that He is the fulfillment of all that the law and prophets pointed toward. This transition frees believers from the bondage of trying to earn salvation and assures them of their standing before God based solely on Christ's righteousness—a gracious gift, not earned by works.