A sinful person is considered holy through their union with Christ and the sanctifying work of the Holy Spirit.
According to Scripture, all humans are sinful by nature, as expressed in Romans 3:10-12, where it states that none are righteous. However, believers are called 'holy brethren' because they are united with Christ who sanctifies them. Hebrews 2:11 explains that both Christ and those He sanctifies are one. This union means that believers share in His holiness. Furthermore, the work of the Holy Spirit in regeneration gives believers a holy nature, making them incapable of sin as highlighted in 1 John 3:9. Therefore, while believers may still struggle with sin, in God's sight, they are declared holy due to Christ's redemptive work.
Scripture References:
Romans 3:10-12, Hebrews 2:11, 1 John 3:9
Commentary