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How do we know that Christ's atonement is essential for receiving the Holy Spirit?

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Christ's atonement is essential because it merited the gift of the Holy Spirit for believers, who would receive it after His glorification.

The connection between Christ's atonement and the reception of the Holy Spirit is crucial in Reformed theology. It is emphasized that the atonement is foundational to all theological truths, as it propitiates God's wrath and extends forgiveness. George Smeaton aptly states that one of the greatest fruits of Christ's atoning death was procuring the gift of the Holy Spirit. The indwelling of the Spirit in the believer is not merely a matter of election but is contingent upon Christ's redemptive work. As Christ died and was glorified, the blessings associated with that atonement, including the gift of the Holy Spirit, were released to believers, confirming that His death and resurrection were necessary for the Spirit's advent.
Scripture References: Acts 2:33, John 16:7

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