How do we know that condemnation came through Adam?

The Apostle Paul teaches in Romans 5:18 that as by the offense of one, judgment came upon all men to condemnation, so also by the righteousness of one, the free gift comes upon all men unto justification. This verse emphasizes that Adam's disobedience had a universal effect, bringing condemnation upon all humanity. This is not just a theological assertion, but a teaching that underscores the reality that all descendents of Adam inherit this sinful nature and consequent condemnation. Moreover, it sets the stage for the redemptive work of Christ who, as the second Adam, provides justification for all who believe.