How do we know that men are dead in trespasses and sin?

The doctrine of total depravity asserts that all humanity is spiritually dead due to the fall of Adam. Romans 5:12 states that by one man's sin, death entered the world and spread to all because all sinned. This affirms the hereditary sinfulness of mankind. When Adam disobeyed God, he brought not only spiritual death upon himself but upon all his descendants. Romans 3:10-23 further emphasizes that there is no one righteous and all have sinned, illustrating our inherent spiritual condition as dead in sin, incapable of saving ourselves.