How do we know the Messiah's glory is greater than the first temple?

The comparison between the second temple and the first highlights a different kind of glory that stems from the presence of the Messiah. In Haggai 2:3, the Jews were reminded that the second temple, though seemingly less magnificent, would house the 'Desire of All Nations' — a title representing the Messiah. The glory of the latter house is tied to the divine presence of Jesus Christ, who, by His arrival, signifies the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies and the introduction of a new covenant, rendering the previous temple worship obsolete. This is further illustrated in Matthew 21:14-16, where Jesus's actions in the temple demonstrate His authority and divine glory.