How does regeneration happen according to Scripture?

According to scripture, regeneration is a sovereign act of God carried out by the Holy Spirit. As outlined in John 3:3 and Ephesians 2:1-5, humans are born dead in trespasses and sins, and must be born again to see the Kingdom of God. This new birth is solely initiated by God’s grace, apart from any human effort (monergism). It is by this miraculous work of the Holy Spirit that one is enabled to believe in Christ and receive eternal life, showcasing the essence of salvation being fully dependent on God’s initiative rather than human decision.