What does being born of the Spirit mean?

To be born of the Spirit refers to the divine act whereby the Holy Spirit regenerates the believer, imparting spiritual life. As Jesus explained in John 3:6, 'That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.' This highlights the reality that spiritual rebirth is not something that can be engineered by human effort but is entirely the work of God. The Holy Spirit's role in regeneration is essential, as He awakens the soul, converts the heart, and creates a desire for God and His Word. This rebirth leads to repentance and faith, which, while responses from the believer, are themselves the results of the life given by the Holy Spirit.