What does it mean that sin is imputed and imparted to us?

In Romans 5:12-21, Paul describes both imputation and impartation concerning sin. Imputed sin is the doctrine that Adam's sin is charged to all humanity, making us guilty before God. This is distinct from imparted sin, which indicates the sinful nature that is passed down from parents to children, further affirming our innate propensity to sin. Both concepts illustrate humanity's fallen state, underlining the necessity of Christ's righteousness to counteract our inherited guilt and moral corruption.