What does regeneration mean in a Christian context?

In a Christian context, regeneration is the work of the Holy Spirit whereby a person is spiritually reborn, receiving new life in Christ. This is described as being 'born again' and is instantaneous, signifying a complete transformation of the individual's nature. The effects of regeneration are evidenced by a new understanding of God’s holiness and a recognition of personal guilt, leading to repentance and faith in Jesus as Savior. This pivotal change is foundational to the doctrine of salvation, as it indicates that one cannot come to faith or repentance without first being regenerated by the Spirit, enabling them to respond to God’s call.