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What does the Bible mean by saying we are dead in trespasses and sins?

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Being dead in trespasses means that we are spiritually unable to respond to God without His intervention.

Scripture describes humanity's state without Christ as 'dead in trespasses and sins' (Ephesians 2:1). This phrase signifies a complete inability to initiate a relationship with God due to the dominion of sin over our lives. Just as a physically dead person cannot make their own choices, we, in spiritual death, lack the capacity to seek or believe in God unless He breathes spiritual life into us. This reality elucidates the necessity of God's grace in awakening us to faith and repentance.
Scripture References: Ephesians 2:1, Romans 3:10-12

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