What does the Bible say about conviction of sin?

The conviction of sin is a central theme in Scripture, particularly highlighted in Psalm 51, where David expresses his deep awareness of his transgressions. Conviction is primarily the work of the Holy Spirit, who exposes the reality and nature of our sin, showing us our need for God's righteousness and the certainty of judgment due to sin. This awareness leads to a humble plea for mercy from God, emphasizing that genuine conviction is rooted in understanding both our guilt and God's grace toward us in Christ. As sinners, we must recognize that apart from the Holy Spirit's work, we cannot fully comprehend our sinful state or appreciate the glorious grace offered through Christ's atonement.