What does the Bible say about the difference between Hagar and Sarah?

In Galatians 4, the Apostle Paul contrasts Hagar and Sarah to illustrate the difference between two covenants. Hagar, the bondwoman, symbolizes the Old Covenant established at Mount Sinai, which leads to bondage and represents those who attempt to achieve righteousness through the law. Sarah, the free woman, symbolizes the New Covenant that brings freedom through the promise of grace in Christ. This allegory serves to remind believers that their standing before God is based on the promises made to Abraham and ultimately fulfilled in Christ, rather than on works or adherence to the law.