What does the Bible teach about the sinful state of man?

Ephesians 2:1 describes humanity as being dead in trespasses and sins. This spiritual death indicates that individuals are unable to respond to God on their own and are utterly reliant on His grace for regeneration. The condition of being spiritually dead means that, without God's intervention, no one can turn to Him or believe the gospel. Thus, the biblical teaching on the sinful state of man underscores the necessity for God to act first by giving life before belief can occur, as stated in 1 John 5:1.