What does the concept of spiritual death mean in the Bible?

In Reformed theology, spiritual death is understood as a condition of total depravity, where individuals are unable to seek God or do good apart from His grace. This condition is depicted in John 11:11-14, where Jesus explains that Lazarus is dead in terms of his physical condition, paralleling the state of all humanity in sin. Just as Lazarus required Christ’s divine call to come forth from the grave, so too do all sinners need the effective call of God to awaken them spiritually. The miracle of raising Lazarus signifies not just the power of God over physical death but also the necessity of divine intervention for spiritual resurrection.