What role does the Holy Spirit play in conversion?

The Holy Spirit is fundamentally involved in the conversion process, guiding individuals to Christ. In Acts 8:26-39, the Spirit instructed Philip to go to the Ethiopian eunuch, demonstrating His active role in orchestrating divine appointments for the purpose of salvation. When Philip preached to the eunuch, it was by the power of the Holy Spirit that the eunuch's understanding was opened. This is consistent with the broader biblical teaching that the Spirit convicts the world of sin, righteousness, and judgment (John 16:8). Through the Spirit, God grants faith and a heart of flesh to those who are spiritually dead (Ezekiel 36:26). Thus, the Spirit's role is crucial in awakening the dead heart, illuminating the mind to the truths of the gospel, and effecting the new birth in believers.