How does God justify the ungodly?

God's justification of the ungodly is a profound aspect of Christian theology. In Romans 4:5, it is explained that God justifies those who do not rely on their works but believe in Him who justifies the ungodly. This act of justification is achieved through the imputation of righteousness — meaning that Christ's perfect obedience and sacrifice are credited to the account of the sinner. This takes place within the framework of God's justice, where the penalty for sin is paid by Christ, enabling God to justly declare sinners righteous without compromising His holiness.