Old, Dead, and Dry

Q: What does the Bible say about God's sovereignty in salvation?

The Bible teaches that God is sovereign in the salvation of His people, as illustrated in Numbers 17. The sovereignty of God in salvation is a central theme throughout the scriptures, illustrated powerfully in Numbers 17. In this chapter, God uses the symbol of twelve dry rods, one for each tribe, and Aaron's rod, to demonstrate His divine choice. While the twelve rods remained lifeless, Aaron's rod miraculously budded, symbolizing God's authority and selectivity in choosing His servants. This shows that God's intervention—His 'interference'—is necessary for life and regeneration, as He alone can vivify the spiritually dead. This principle extends from Genesis through Revelation, reaffirming that salvation is solely a work of God's grace and not contingent on human action or merit.

Q: How do we know that Salvation is of the Lord?

Salvation is of the Lord, as affirmed in scriptures like Jonah 2:9, emphasizing God's complete authority in saving His people. The phrase 'Salvation is of the Lord' captures the essence of biblical teaching on salvation's divine nature. It asserts that God is the active agent who initiates and accomplishes salvation. This is clearly seen in accounts such as Jonah's prayer from the belly of the fish (Jonah 2:9), which acknowledges that only the Lord can save. This truth establishes that human efforts or 'how-to' methodologies are insufficient; salvation is not a result of human will or ambition but is entirely dependent on God's grace and sovereign choice. In Ephesians 2:1-5, Paul reinforces that we were dead in our trespasses, highlighting our utter inability to save ourselves, further affirming that it is God who makes us alive through Christ.

Q: Why is the doctrine of predestination important for Christians?

Predestination underscores God's sovereignty and the assurance of His grace, reassuring believers of their salvation. The doctrine of predestination is vital for Christians as it emphasizes God's absolute sovereignty in salvation. Scripture teaches that before the foundation of the world, God chose certain individuals to be saved (Ephesians 1:4-5). This doctrine provides believers with profound assurance, as it reassures them that their salvation is not based on their efforts but firmly rooted in God's eternal purpose and grace. When Christians understand predestination, they grasp the depth of God’s love and grace, realizing that their faith is a gift from Him rather than a human decision. This conviction fosters humility and gratitude, as believers recognize they were chosen not for any merit of their own but solely because of God’s mercy.

Q: What does it mean that we are dead in trespasses and sins?

Being dead in trespasses and sins refers to our spiritual inability to seek God apart from His grace. The concept of being 'dead in trespasses and sins' reflects our complete spiritual incapacity to respond to God without divine intervention (Ephesians 2:1). It signifies that in our natural state, we are unable to reach out to God or understand spiritual truths. This death is not physical but spiritual, indicating separation from God due to sin. Just as a corpse cannot respond to stimuli, individuals dead in sin cannot initiate faith or good works to earn salvation. The lifelessness of the rods in Numbers 17 serves as a metaphor for this condition; only God, through His sovereign grace, can bring spiritual life by regenerating the heart and resulting in true faith and repentance.

Excuse me. Trying to take care
of technology. Numbers chapter 17. I appreciated
so much that passage of scripture that was read from Ezekiel chapter
37. A portion of it's on the bulletin.
I appreciate what we read in the book of Jonah. Salvation
is of the Lord. And throughout the scriptures
we find that God tells us how he saves his people from their
sins. He is in charge. He is the Savior. On the back of the bulletin is
my third article. In 35 years, I've written three
articles. I'm not a writer. It's devastating
to me to have to sit down and write, but I did have a reason
for writing this letter. It's going to be delivered to
a friend of mine that I've been visiting with for a couple of
years. The last time I visited with him, in the very close of
our time, he shared this. Now, I believe he did it somewhat
like we heard this morning. There in the book of Luke, they
feigned, or feigned, friendship. He said, Norm, I'm lost. I want you to tell me how to
be saved. And I said, I have been. I have been. The gospel. God uses only the gospel to save
his people. And there is no how-to about
it. He says, what must I do to be saved? And I said, that is
a common religious reaction. What you must do. There is no
what you must do. Pharisees asked Jesus, said,
what must we do to do the works of God? And the Lord Jesus responded
by saying, this is the work of God that you believe on him whom
he has sent. Now that belief is not ours.
The moment we think that it's ours, we are in trouble. But
when it is a gift of God and we are believing because God
has worked a work of grace in us, then it can be effectual. Well, you pray that this letter
might find some room in this man's life. I love him. He's 40 years old. He's like
a child of mine in many ways. Well, our lesson today, Numbers
chapter 17, goes right along with it. We find Numbers chapter
17 in the Hebrew Bible. It is a continuation of chapter
16. There is no chapter break in
the Hebrew Bible. And probably for good reason,
because in chapter 16, we have Korah in that uprising, and the
Lord making comments about how he does his business. And then
he steps right into this passage of scripture, and he says, all
right, I'm going to straighten this mess out once and for all.
I'm going to quit your murmurings. because I am going to demonstrate
whom I have chose. Now that is a theme that runs
throughout the scriptures. God has business, and his business
is saving his people from their sins. As we heard this morning
there in the book of Acts, all of those things that happened
to the Lord Jesus were prescribed in the covenant of grace. A demonstration
of every nationality, people, and tongue rose up against God,
rose up against Christ, and had him crucified. That's what natural
man will do with the Son of God, They had done it with all the
prophets. They attempted with Moses a number of times, and
thanks be unto God, God protected him. They would have killed him
outright. And he was a minister of the
gospel, he was a preacher of righteousness, and he was man's,
or excuse me, God's chosen person. for the responsibility laid out
there. He was God's man, and they rose up against him. We
find out how often that people, natural people, religious people,
people who were Israelites, rose up against the prophets that
the Lord sent against them, and spoke to them, and preached to
them. And many of them lost their lives as a result of it, but
they were faithful unto death. Well, here in this chapter, we
find in these 13 verses, the Lord is going to share with the
children of Israel that had just come up against Moses and against
Aaron and said, you have killed the Lord's people. Not realizing,
not even thinking about or trying to hide it, maybe, that it was
God that opened up the earth and it was God that swallowed
them up and it was God that closed the earth up and it was God that
sifted it out. Well, in this chapter, chapter
17 of the Book of Numbers, 13 verses long, we have these words
recorded that share with us God's purpose of grace. It tells us there, and the Lord
spake unto Moses, saying, now that very word, Lord, is Jehovah,
and that word means a great deal. It means I am in charge. I am God. Now he's sharing with
us in that one word as he speaks to Moses and as Moses speaks
to the children of Israel that are gathered there, he's sharing
with them what we find as a theme from Genesis chapter 1 verse
1 all the way through the last verse of the book of Revelation. I am God and beside me there
is none else or no other God. Now there are many gods, but
they have eyes and can't see, they have ears and cannot hear,
they have hands and cannot work, but I am God and I will do all
my pleasure. That's what he's telling them
here by using this term God, this word Lord before them. That
word Lord Jehovah is mentioned throughout the Old Testament
and we come into the New Testament, we find that the first words
out of Saul of Tarsus' mouth after the Lord worked the work
of grace was Lord. He recognized him for somebody
he did not know prior to that. Who are you? And Jesus said,
I'm Jesus whom thou persecutest. Also in this chapter, we're going
to notice that God does something that's, it is just great, the
natural man's heart so much, and that is he interferes. He interferes. He's going to
interfere here, and he is going to interfere by his divine authority. Now, interference from God is
really, in the realm of humanity, in the realm of religion, is
a noxious word. How dare God interfere with me
and my free will? Now, I've heard that for two
years. And you know what? Before that, I practiced it.
Before the Lord saved me, I practiced it. How dare God interfere? He has given us a free will,
and He's not going to interfere. Well, we find out that if He
does not interfere, we will be in the place of eternal punishment,
and that's what those are on the left-hand side. He did not
interfere with them. Those he interferes with are
his children. Those he interferes with are
his lost sheep. Those he interferes with is the
church. Those that he interferes with
are those whose names were written in the Lamb's Book of Life before
the foundation of the world. He has promised in the covenant
of grace to interfere in their lives, to come into their lives
and make them miserable, if you please. because he's going to
interfere. And that's what he does in this
passage of scripture. We find him interfering. He says,
I am going to choose this day whom I have chosen. And that
is a statement that resounds throughout the scriptures, whom
I have chosen. In this second verse of the 17th
chapter of the book of Numbers, speak unto the children of Israel,
and take every one of them a rod. Now this is a walking stick. The farther I go along, the more
attractive that looks. I see people using them, and
it's for a good reason. Well, these people were accustomed
to having a walking stick. And it says here, take to every
one of them a rod or walking stick, according to the house
of their fathers, of all their princes, according to the house
of their fathers, 12 rods, write thou every man's name upon his
rod. So the Lord says, this is what
I'm going to do. I'm going to demonstrate whom
I have chosen. And you're going to take a representative
from every tribe is going to bring a rod, a dry, dead stick
that you have been using. It has been cut off from its
source. It has been cut off from its tree. It has been dead. It
is something that you walk with. Now, my dad's favorite walking
stick was a apple limb and it was the old suckers that came
up. They were so straight and they get about this big around
and he'll go along and cut them off the branch and cut the leaves
off the top and lay them up and let them dry out and they became
walking sticks for us because he never owned a horse. He used
his kids to herd his cattle, and that was our defense. It
wasn't you couldn't outrun them. It is you have something in your
hands to defend yourself. Those old dry apple limbs, you
couldn't break them. They were stiff, and that apple
was just the kind of limb that you needed. Now, a willow would
break, and you didn't want that herding cattle. You wanted something
that would be substantial. Well, I can just see these folks
out here walking through the wilderness, and they had their
walking stick, and God said, there's 12 tribes of you, and
I want a walking stick from every tribe, and I want the name on
every walking stick because I don't want anybody to make a mistake
when this test is over with. You're not going to switch your
papers. I remember a teacher one time
that gave a test and somebody came in late and he came up to
turn his paper in and he said, you can't turn it in, you came
in late. He says, do you know my name? He says, no. He says,
good. He lifted it up and stuck him
in the middle and walked out. You're not going to trade papers
on me. God is not going to allow you to trade papers, not going
to allow you to trade sticks. All right, it goes on to tell
us here, And thou shalt write Aaron's name. Now, it took me
a while, but you know we're going to have 12 sticks and Aaron's
sticks. There's going to be 13 sticks
put into that place where this depository is going to be for
one night. Aaron's name is on one of them. Joseph had two sons and the Lord
was gracious to Joseph and helped pay him for all the time he spent
down in Egypt by giving double portion to him. He had two sons
and both of them got to inherit just like all the rest of them.
There is no tribe of Joseph. There is two tribes of Joseph's
sons. Now, the 13th one is going to
be, and what do we think about 13? What foolishness. What foolishness. Aaron is going to write his name
on that stick, his stick, and it will represent Levi. Now Levi,
the tribe of Levi, is not going to inherit when they get to the
promised land. There's no property for them as a big chunk of land. They're going to inherit some
cities, some towns. That's all they're going to have.
They're going to be taken care of by God. All right, thou shalt
write Aaron's name upon the rod of Levi, and one rod shall represent
every tribe. Now, verse four, it tells us,
and thou shalt lay them up in the tabernacle of the congregation.
All right, we're gonna carry these over, a bundle of dry,
dead sticks. There's not a whit of life in
them. They have been cut off. They
brought them out of Egypt. They've been cut off from their
source. They're dead, dead, dead. As the old preacher said, they're
graveyard dead. There is no discussion about how dead they are. They
are dead. Now, this is a tremendous statement
about God and who he deals with when he saves people. They are
not attached to the source. There is no life in them. They
are dead in trespasses and sin. I like what Augustus Toplady
wrote one time, whilst thou art unconverted, thy body is but
the living coffin of a dead soul. Our body is nothing but a living
coffin of a dead soul. We're dead. We have no ability
of responding to God. Now, we respond to religion quite
easily, but we have no ability given to us in our natural birth
to ever respond to God. That's why the most freeing issue
that was ever revealed to me And I was just after I started
pastoring here, and I wrote it in that letter. Going down the
freeway one day, it struck me that Jonah's words out of the
belly of that great fish is my mantra. Salvation is of the Lord. It's the most freeing thing in
the world to realize that a pastor is not responsible for winning
anybody to Christ. It's the responsibility of a
pastor. It's your responsibility and
my responsibility to share the gospel, to spread the word. That's it. Results are up to
God. How freeing that is to realize
how guilt is removed and no longer we don't have to worry about,
did we get the job done today? In that article I wrote, that
letter I wrote in the back of that bulletin, I was in a church
one time in religion and that old man came to me and said that
preaching the gospel is like being a used car salesman. You've
got to declare your product and all of the good points about
your product, and then you've got to close the deal. He said,
Norm, you didn't close the deal today. I felt guilty that I didn't
close the deal, and then I found out there is no closing the deal.
If we are the responsible party, we're the midwife, we're the
one that brought them into life, they're going to die just like
they are, and we will too. We can't give them life. The only thing we have is the
glorious truth about a God that can save, and does save, and
will save, and forever save His people. That's what we're going
to learn in this chapter of Scripture. All right, let's take those 13
dead, dry. What did we read there in Ezekiel
37 this morning? dry bones. Nothing left on them. There was
no sinew, there was no muscle, there was nothing left on those
dry bones. Okay, let's take these and set
them aside in the tabernacle and in verse 5 of our reading
it says, and it shall come to pass that the man's rod whom
I shall choose shall blossom, and I will make to cease from
me the murmurings of the children of Israel, whereby they murmur
against me." This is a demonstration. God said, I'm going to cause
this to be the ceasings of murmurings against me. Well, it's not very
long. A natural man continues to murmur
against God. I've never read numbers through,
like I've read numbers through. I would pick out, you know, the
wonderful historical things that happened in numbers. And I never
put it together in a logical sequence and found out, oh my
goodness, from beginning to end, it is a book of rebellion and
God saving his people. Well, let's look here. In verse
six, Moses spake unto the children of Israel every month. of their
princes, gave them a rod, him a rod apiece, for each prince
one of the, according to the father's houses, even 12 rods,
and the rod of Aaron was among their rods. Moses laid up the
rods before the Lord in the tabernacle of witness. Put those 13 in,
what kind of place? It was a secure place. It was
a secret area. Who got to go in there? Most people had never seen the
inside of this place even the holy place. It was a lonely place
Once a day someone went in there and took care of the lamps but
in the holy of holies It was really lonely because once a
year Someone went through that great hanging between the holy
holy holy place and the holy of holies, and went in and sprinkled
blood. And it was a holy area. This
is going to be God's choice. It's holy. It's a holy choice. The man's rod whom I shall choose,
and all this God declares what will be done. How it is to be
carried out and where it is to be carried out, nothing. We don't
find a vote. We don't find a consensus. God
never asked the people, how are we going to figure this thing
out? He never asked for them to sit down and come to a consensus
about what they're going to do. There was no majority vote. There
was no consensus. It was God's way or no way. And God's carrying out his purpose
here. He's carrying out his way here
by telling the children of Israel exactly what must be done collect
those 13 rods, put them in the tabernacle, and let's see God's
choice of the matter. Well, I'll make to cease the
murmurings. Verse 6, he's speaking to them,
they brought, they put the Aaron's rod among them. In verse 7, Moses
laid up the rods before the Lord in the tabernacle of witness.
That's what we do when we say, I've shared the gospel. You know,
a lot of people have the idea that the gospel is a how-to program.
It's how-to. They put words that are not found
in John chapter 3. The Lord told Nicodemus, you must
be born again. And a lot of people take that
another step. Books are written on it. How
to be born again. unscriptural statement right
off the dingbat. It is unscriptural to ever say
how to be born again. Did you tell your embryonic child
that before you had them? No. That's what I keep sharing
with this young man. God does something and it's a
miraculous way that he does it. And we can't even decide and
decipher and discover how it takes place. It's a mystery and
it's a miracle, birth of a child. And you say to me that you have
more authority in the spiritual realm than you do in the natural
realm? Did you ask your children if they wanted to be born? You
know, I had a teacher one time, he said, after my kids go to
school, I'm not going to help them anymore. And another teacher
said they didn't ask to be brought into the world. You have some
responsibility even in school. Well, that's your decision. I'm
going to stay out of that. They didn't ask to be born. And here we find verse eight
came to pass the next day on the morrow, Moses went into the
tabernacle of witness. And behold the rod of Aaron for
the house of Levi. Now notice the description here.
We've seen it being carried in just in your mind's eye. Just
notice it went in a dry, dead, old limb. It had been detached on purpose
from the living source. It had been made a walking stick. No doubt part of the end has
been ground off as it's gone through the dirt and the sand
as they've walked along. And it has had perspiration on
it and all that other stuff. It is for any other purpose.
You wouldn't want to lick it. My goodness, what a dirty, filthy
piece of wood it was. And yet, when they were put up,
God said, I am going to show you whom I will choose. And when
we read here in verse eight, God's choice, he says there,
there were 12 dry, dead, old walking sticks came out of the
tabernacle. 12 came out in the same state they
went in. And one came out in a totally
different state than it went in. This one that came out, notice
what it has. And on the morrow, Moses went
into the tabernacle of witness and behold, the rod of Aaron
for the house of Levi was budded and brought forth buds and bloomed
blossoms and yielded almonds. What God can do with dead bones. What God can do with dead sticks. It is a miracle. We just look
at it as an impossibility, and yet with God, it is his normal
way of acting. I take dead and make alive. It had budded, it had bloomed,
and it had almonds on it. Now we know immediately what
kind of stick that was. This is an almond limb. It doesn't
tell us anything about the rest of them. They might have all
been almond limbs. But Moses, verse 9, Moses brought out all
the rods from before the Lord unto the children of Israel,
and they looked and took every man his rod. How did they know
that? Their names were on it. There was no deception here.
It wasn't all mumble jumble. The name of Benjamin, the name
of Judah, the name of each tribe was put on those 12 sticks. And
here we have Aaron's of the tribe of Levi
with all of this. Aaron's rod was then in verse
10, it says, and the Lord said unto Moses, bring Aaron's rod
again before the testimony to be kept for a token against the
rebels, and thou shalt quiet take away their murmurings for
me that they die not. Now would you jump over with
me to the book of Hebrews chapter nine for just a moment. Hebrews
chapter nine. In Hebrews chapter nine, we find
this rod. was kept. It was kept up. Hebrews
chapter 9 verse 1. Then verily the first covenant.
Hebrews chapter 9 verse 1. How superior the everlasting
covenant, the covenant of grace, is to the old covenant. How superior. In that old covenant, there was
no mercy. In the everlasting covenant,
there is everlasting mercy. In that old covenant, there was
no love. In the everlasting covenant,
there's everlasting love. In that old covenant, nobody
ever got better. And in the new covenant, we have
Christ making us a new creation in Christ Jesus. Here in the
book of Hebrews, and then verily the first covenant had also ordinances
of divine service and a worldly sanctuary. For there was a tabernacle
made, the first wherein was the candlestick and the table of
showbread, which is called the sanctuary. And after the second
veil, the tabernacle, which is called the holiest of all, which
had the golden censer and the ark of the covenant overlaid
round about with gold wherein was the golden pot that had manna,
and Aaron's rod that budded, and the tables of the covenant."
Now we say, well, that's a nice collection of items, isn't it?
We got a pot of manna, and we got Aaron's rod that budded,
and we got those two tables of stone after God made them the
second time. What did all those things represent?
Absolute rebellion by Israel. They rebelled because they were
not being fed. He gave them manna. They rebelled
because they didn't have the right leader. So he gave them
Aaron. And they rebelled there at Mount
Sinai. He's gone 40 days and they can't
handle it. And so they build him a golden
calf. So we have three rebellions mentioned and brought to play
here in this Ark of the Covenant. And yet under the Ark of the
Covenant, there's the best place to be to put our rebellion is
under the blood. Once a year, they come in and
covered that up with blood. And the blood of Jesus Christ
covers all our sin and rebellion against him. Now, all three of
these items were the results of rebellion, so we're going
to put them away and keep that away. And then a second reason
that I found of why God had Aaron's rod put up. Can you imagine Aaron
with his rod that budded as he walked along and saying, you
fools? Look at my rod. You know, you
wouldn't think that Aaron would do that, but do you remember
what Paul the Apostle wrote there in the book of 2nd Corinthians?
And lest I should be exalted above measure through the abundance
of revelations, Paul the Apostle was one that had been given so
much. And the Lord shared with him,
unless I should be proud of what God has shared with me, there
was given to me a thorn in the flesh. Now Aaron was not going
to be given the opportunity to practice that. His rod was going
to be taken from him. And then thirdly, we find If
God had permitted this rod to be out for all to see, guess
what would have happened? What did they do with the brazen
serpent? You know, I thought, I thought
that it was Moses that destroyed that brazen serpent. But it was
Moses that ground that golden calf up, strawed it on the water,
and made him drink it. And I says, what in the world
happened to that brazen serpent? Because I know it was destroyed.
700 years past. And in the book of
2 Kings chapter 18, Hezekiah comes to the throne and he's
the one that destroyed it because they were worshiping it. 700 years after it was built
in the Sinai travels. The children of Israel had it
taken away from them. What would they have done with
Aaron's rod that budded? Exactly the same thing. Aren't
you thankful that God Almighty takes our idols from us? It mentions that in the book
of 1 Thessalonians. You have turned from worshiping
dumb idols to the living God. That's what real repentance is.
Changing, having a change of mind. I grew up in a church and
repentance was crying over your sins. You know what? We don't
have the tears. And we don't have the time. But
his repentance given to us is turning us from our old life
to Christ. That is true repentance. Now
what can we learn from all this? Well, God does a mighty work. He took dry bones and made them
alive. He takes dead in trespasses and
sin people and makes them worship the Almighty King, the Lord of
Glory. In Matthew chapter 11, would
you turn there with me to the Matthew chapter 11? Matthew chapter 11 and there
in verse 5. What a glorious verse this is.
This is the ministry of the Lord. It's not our ministry. Our ministry
does not... We cannot make the blind see. We cannot make the deaf hear.
We wish we could, don't we? We wish we could talk to our
family and just explain it in such a way that they would immediately
say, I want that. My youngest brother gave me the
most truthful answer about religion. He's been baptized three times.
He's made several professions of faith. And I visited with
him one time. He says, Norm, I just want you
to know there is nothing in religion. And I says, no greater statement
could be made. There is nothing in religion.
There is everything in Christ. All right. Matthew chapter 11,
verse 5. Verse 4 says, go and show John
again those things which you do hear and see. Isn't that interesting? Those folks that came over there,
they could hear and see something. The blind receive their sight,
and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear,
and the dead are raised up. and the poor have the gospel
preached to them." Now, if we take the last one and apply it
to the rest of that, we find out he's speaking about spiritual
things. He's just not talking about healing one or 10 lepers. He's just not talking about giving
the ears to some person or relieving the blindness of a man. He's
talking about spiritual things, and this is all in the hands
of the Lord. It is like those dead sticks being carried over
here to this place and deposited where God intended them to be
deposited and him doing a work on one of them and coming out
and showing everybody. Now, God has made his choice.
How do you know that you, quote unquote, forgive me, have made
the right choice? All of God's people, Believe
God and trust Christ. That's a gift. That is a gift. A friend of mine, in fact, I've
invited him to come and be our camp speaker. He told his daughter
one time, she said, you don't think I'm saved, do you? He says,
no, I know you're not. And she says, well, how do you
know that? He says, number one, you've never been a sinner. And
number two, you don't believe the report. The Bible is important. Believe the report. That means
to believe God, to believe his word, to trust his word. And
in closing, there's just a thought I want to bring out. It says
there that it was going to be a token, that that would be a
token put up. You know, we find this word, that word is used several times
in the Old Testament, and one of them In Genesis chapter 9,
it says, God said, this is the token of the covenant which I
make. And the other day, traveling down to Hood River, we got to
see it. What is that token? It's the
rainbow. That's a token of that covenant that God made with this
world. He would never destroy it like
he once did. A token. In Isaiah chapter 7,
therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign, a token. Behold, a virgin shall conceive
and bear a son, and thou shalt call his name Emmanuel. What a token. And so, as we look
at this, we find that God's business is to save sinners, and He does
it. He does it completely. He doesn't have... He doesn't have His children
stillborn. He is the very successful Savior. And He did that when He finished
it at the cross. He laid down his life, a ransom
for many. And at this time, we'd like to
picture that. This is an emblem, it's a token. There is not one bit of salvation
given to anybody for being baptized or taking the Lord's Supper.
It is an emblem. It's a picture. It's a type.
It's a shadow. Just like Moses could look at
that sacrifice and say, that's a picture of my Savior, but that's
not my Savior. My Savior is the Messiah. And if you'd come.

Old, Dead, and Dry

Key Quotes

What does the Bible say about God's sovereignty in salvation?

How do we know that Salvation is of the Lord?

Why is the doctrine of predestination important for Christians?

What does it mean that we are dead in trespasses and sins?

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Old, Dead, and Dry

Key Quotes

What does the Bible say about God's sovereignty in salvation?

How do we know that Salvation is of the Lord?

Why is the doctrine of predestination important for Christians?

What does it mean that we are dead in trespasses and sins?

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